The main aim of modern institute of the state republican order is increasing of efficiency and transparency of use of budgetary funds on purchase of goods (works, services), development of honest competition in the market, improving of mechanisms of formation and fulfilling of republican and municipal orders.
The concept of development of institute of the republican order includes:
? formulation of the purpose;
? resource support;
? the analysis of the condition of the market of state purchases;
? institutional transformations of the market;
? economic inner-regional policy of the republic.
The final cause of functioning of the system of the state order is providing material and other needs of the republic. Social stability in the society depends on functioning system of the state order.
Production purchased due to the budget, is various: it includes practically all groups of goods and services, existing in the market. Food, stationary, office equipment, clothes, furniture, medicines, medical services, insurance, municipal, building - repair services? All of them and many other things are required for satisfying state needs. The price of some contracts reaches some tens and even hundreds millions roubles.
These sizes of purchases and rather high reliability of the state as contractor, the state order is a very attractive sphere for business interests, for some enterprises it is the main source of business activity.
The system of the state order in the republic was founded in December, 1996 and ratified by the Decree of the President of the Republic of Buryatia after 09.12.1996 Ö ? 419 ? About introduction of the republican state order for production and services in the Republic of Buryatia ?.
The volume of the state purchases of production has grown from 41 million roubles in 1997 up to 2 223,1 million roubles in 2005, that is in 54 times. For the years 1997-2005 the number of competitions on allocation of orders for production support for republican needs has increased in 30 times.
The basic share in the structure of the state republican order for 2005 was:
? purchase of various services (security, the fire signal system, life, health and property insurance, including civil liability of owners of vehicles, services in manufacturing forms, communication services) - 43 %;
? increasing of cost of main means, (charges on construction of objects and motorways, purchase of medical equipment, soft stock, office equipment, furniture) - 24,2 %;
? increasing of cost of material stocks (food stuffs, medicines and dressing means, combustible and lubricants, economic materials, stationery, spare parts, building materials) - 22,3 %
In the Republic of Buryatia the share of the state purchases is 20 % of an outlaying part of the budget, that deserves special attention, as a share of the charges, falling on the state order in the common structure of charges of the budget of the western countries is much higher than the average Russian and republican parameters.
In 2000 there were only 12 open competitions for 81 suppliers, now in the beginning of 2005 according to the information of ministries and departments there were already 2 506 competitions and hors concours purchases, including 1 605 open competitions with participation of 4 941 suppliers. The growth of number of open competitions was caused because of the reduction of a number of inquiry for quotations and the closed competitions. The number of inquiries for quotations decreased in 2005 in comparison with 2004 in 2,2 times. The total sum of the concluded contracts on delivery of the goods (works, services) in 2005 was 2 121 million roubles or 93 % from the plan of the state purchases, the volume of executed works was 1 496,6 million roubles, that is 70,5 % from the sum of the concluded contracts, thus, financially supported - 1 540,0 million roubles.
The important component of development of market relations in the Republic of Buryatia, capable to provide creation of new workplaces, to promote cooperation of the small and large enterprises, is the inclusion of subjects of small business in the system of the state purchases. From the beginning of 2005 the sum of the concluded contracts with small enterprises on delivery of goods (works, services) has been 443,4 million roubles, that is 21 % from the total cost of the concluded state contracts.
According to the results of the conducted tenders, inquiries of quotations and allocation of the order with one supplier there were 1 106 contracts concluded, among them ? 398 ones with individual businessmen.
Mainly, subjects of small business carried out the state and municipal orders for delivery of various goods (56 %) and executing building (repair) works (about 40 %).
The analysis of the concluded contracts showed, that 93 % from total volume of the state purchases are the contracts concluded with local manufacturers and suppliers.
An important role in the activity directed to further development of system of the state purchases plays an expansion of information space of the state republican order with use of opportunities of the Internet, development of electronic technologies on formation, allocation and execution of the state republican order. Within frameworks of FCP ? Electronic Russia (2002 - 2010ÖÖ.) ? the Agreement ? 37 after 25.07.2005Ö. between the Ministry of economic development and trade of the Russian Federation and the Government of the Republic of Buryatia has been concluded. The development of the automated electronic system of state and municipal purchases (system " State order ") will be developed in the sphere of realization of these program actions. The introduction of the system will allow to support the organization of purchasing activity within the framework of exploiting organization (SO ? Agency on state purchases of RB ?). This system realized functions of realization electronic competitive on-line tenders with attraction of many suppliers irrespective of their location, and access of users are realized on the part of the state and municipal customers to the central server of system on channels of the Internet. Allocation of the consolidated plan of purchases and suggestions of suppliers both in the whole republic and in the municipal formations will allow to include in the system of the state purchases of the Republic of Buryatia a great number of subjects of small business and the enterprises of the penitentiary system, which are some of the important factors influencing the increase of the state demand, that entails increase of total regional product, raising of standard living of the population in the republic.